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WBM march 2011
(now Southport). The designers
incorporated the terrain into the
defenses, using the surrounding creeks,
swamps and Orton Pond as barriers
against attack, but the back of the fort
remained open and unprotected.
On May 4, 1862, William Lamb
came to Fort St. Philip from Fort
Fisher and significantly modified
the earthworks, building them up to
26 feet high and 30 feet thick at the
base, adding five magazines (to store
powder and explosives) and nine gun
emplacements. For much of 1862, the
site housed a Yellow Fever quarantine
station, and a hospital was built for
those quarantined, though that didn’t
slow Lamb’s progress. In 1863, Fort
St. Philip was renamed Fort Anderson,
after Brigadier General George
Burgwyn Anderson.
Around 300 men were stationed at
Fort Anderson until the 1865 fall of
Fort Fisher. After losing Fort Fisher,
The bombardment of Fort Anderson by
double-ender gunboat USS Mackinaw
and the monitor USS Montauk on
February 11, 1865. Harper’s Weekly, March
4, 1865. Illustration courtesy of the N.C.
Division of Historic Sites.
all garrisons on the river south of Fort
Anderson were abandoned and their
troops took up final defensive positions
behind its imposing walls. By the
end of January 1865, there were 2,200
troops, plus support staff, at Fort
Anderson. Their orders were to hold
the fort at all costs.
In early February, a flotilla of 15
Federal warships began shelling the
fort. By February 11, the bombardment
had intensified. Then, on
February 17, a division of Federal